What Is Mirror Hand Syndrome? Diagnosis, Treatment, And Awareness

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Ulnar dimelia, also known as mirror hand syndrome, is a rare congenital anomaly that affects the upper limbs, resulting in duplication of the ulna and sometimes the corresponding digits. It can extend to duplication of adjacent digits on the affected side.

Mirror hand syndrome is an extremely rare syndrome, with only a few documented cases worldwide. It has higher prevalence in males than females.The first case was seen in 1852. Since then, there have been fewer than 100 cases reported.

It is believed that Mirror Hand Syndrome arise during embryonic development.Sometimes,genetic factors may play a role, but specific causes are often unclear.

In a report titled 'Mirror Hand: An Uncommon Neglected Case Managed with Pollicisation' in ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, a 15 year old female patient presented with multiple fingers in her right hand with short forearm and radial deviation on flexion of the wrist. She was the first child of non consanguineous parents with normal antenatal history. None of her siblings had any congenital disorders. She had underwent corrective osteotomy with ring fixator for correcting the wrist flexion and radial deviation three years prior to reporting to us for management of polydactyly. She had seven digits in her right hand that were arranged symmetrically as mirror images on either side of a sagittal axis. There was no thumb present. The forearm was short with evidence of scars of previous surgery.

Mirror Hand Syndrome varies in severity from mild to severe duplication.Mirror-image duplication of the ulna, results two ulnas on the affected side. Digits may also be duplicated which resembles a mirror image of the corresponding hand.

Ulnar Dimelia often coexists with other limb abnormalities. Ulnar dimelia is a rare developmental anomaly, which is characterized by absence of radius, duplication of ulna and symmetric polydactyly .Syndactyly (fusion of fingers) and polydactyly (extra fingers) are common. In this syndrome, skeletal deformities in the hand and forearm may be present.

Diagnosis And Treatment
Typically Mirror Hand Syndrome is diagnosed through physical examination and imaging studies (X-rays, CT scans).As this condition can happen when the limbs are forming during the embryo's developing stages,Prenatal ultrasound also detect anomalies before birth.

The treatment of Ulnar Dimelia depends on the severity of the condition.Surgical intervention is often considered to improve hand function and appearance.Reconstruction may involve separating duplicated structures and correcting associated abnormalities.

There are various outcomes depending on the extent of duplication and associated anomalies. Surgical outcomes can lead to improved hand function and aesthetics. Long-term prognosis may involve ongoing rehabilitation and monitoring for potential issues.

Research and Awareness
There are many ongoing research to understand the genetic and developmental factors of Mirror Hand Syndrome.Limited people are aware about it due to its rarity, prompting the need for increased medical education and research initiatives.
Understanding ulnar dimelia requires a holistic approach, considering both the physical and psychosocial aspects of individuals affected by this rare condition.

Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.