The Sunscreen Confusion: Expert Explains How to Choose What Actually Works in Indian Weather

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If there's one skincare product that still sparks debates, panic, and endless scrolling through reviews, it's sunscreen. SPF 30 or 50? Gel or cream? Mineral or chemical? And why does every influencer seem to have a different rule?

"As a dermatologist, I see this confusion play out every day. Indian weather presents its own unique challenges: humidity, heat, sweat, dust, and long commutes require that sunscreen work harder than simply looking good under makeup. It must hold up through the day, stay comfortable, and shield you from tanning as well as deeper, long-term skin harm," said Dr Ravali Yalamanchili, Senior Consultant -Dermatology, Arete Hospitals, Hyderabad.

The good news? Once you understand what matters, choosing the right sunscreen becomes far simpler than social media makes it seem.

How To Choose The Right Sunscreen?

1. SPF Isn't Everything - But It Still Matters

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SPF tells you how well a sunscreen protects against UVB rays, the ones that burn and contribute to skin cancer.

"For most Indian skin tones, SPF 30 or 50 is enough for daily use. Anything higher doesn't dramatically increase protection; it just gives a small buffer if you're outdoors for long stretches, said Dr Yalamanchili.

What matters more is how generously you apply it and whether you reapply during long sun exposure.

2. Look for "PA+++" - Our Real Shield Against Tanning

Indian weather brings strong UVA exposure all year, even on cloudy days. UVA rays don't burn but silently cause tanning, pigmentation, and early ageing. Hence, the PA rating is crucial.

"A sunscreen labelled PA+++ or PA++++ offers solid defence against this more serious damage, something many people ignore when they're only chasing SPF numbers," advised Dr Yalamanchili.

3. Choose the Texture Based on Your Climate, Not Trends

Our summers don't forgive heavy creams. Sweat can break down sunscreen and make reapplication impossible. A simple rule of thumb:

• Oily or acne-prone skin: Go for gel, aqua fluid, or silicone-based sunscreens.
• Dry skin: A cream or lotion gives moisture along with protection.
• Humid, coastal cities: Lightweight gel or fluid formulas are easier to reapply without feeling greasy.
• Cold or dry climates: Thicker textures help prevent moisture loss.

Your environment should dictate your product, not a viral recommendation.

4. Chemical vs Mineral - Which One Is Better?

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Both work. The difference is in comfort and sensitivity.

"Mineral sunscreens (zinc oxide, titanium dioxide) sit on the skin and reflect rays. Mineral sunscreens are also considered safe for use in children above six months of age and during pregnancy. They suit sensitive skin but can leave a faint white veil in deeper skin tones," explained Dr Yalamanchili.

Chemical formulas soak up UV rays and tend to feel weightless, which is why many people find them easier to wear every day in India's sticky weather.

5. Reapplication Is the Real Game-Changer

Most people apply sunscreen once in the morning and assume it lasts till sunset. Sweat, rubbing, and pollution break it down by midday.

If you're outdoors, try reapplying every 3-4 hours. A stick, powder, or gel formula makes this far easier than starting from scratch.

6. The Best Sunscreen Is the One You'll Actually Use

Skin tones vary. Lifestyles vary. The weather varies.

A sunscreen that suits a college student in Chennai may not work for someone commuting in Delhi. What matters is consistency: a formula you'll wear daily without resentment.

Bottomline

Dr Yalamanchili concluded, "In a country where sunlight feels like a constant companion, sunscreen isn't a vanity step; it's everyday protection. Clearer skin, fewer dark spots, and healthier ageing all begin with choosing wisely and using it without overthinking."

Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.